ISO-8859-1
ISO-8859-1 (nommé d’après l’Organisation internationale de normalisation) est un ancien codage de caractères. UTF-8 est l’ensemble de caractères par défaut dans la plupart des navigateurs.
Utilisez `<meta charset="UTF-8">` pour déclarer le codage de caractères de votre document HTML. Placez-le dans la section <head> de votre fichier HTML :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Your content here -->
</body>
</html>Caractères réservés en HTML
Certains caractères sont réservés en HTML parce qu’ils servent à constituer le langage HTML. Par exemple, vous ne pouvez pas utiliser les signes supérieur à ou inférieur à dans votre texte, car le navigateur essaiera de les interpréter comme du HTML. Utilisez le nom d’entité ou le numéro d’entité lorsque vous souhaitez afficher l’un des caractères réservés.
Voir la liste des caractères réservés dans le tableau ci-dessous :
| Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| " | " | " | quotation mark |
| ' | ' | ' | apostrophe |
| & | & | & | ampersand |
| < | < | < | less-than |
| > | > | > | greater-than |
Symboles ISO 8859-1
| Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| non-breaking space | |||
| ¡ | ¡ | ¡ | inverted exclamation mark |
| ¢ | ¢ | ¢ | cent |
| £ | £ | £ | pound |
| ¤ | ¤ | ¤ | currency |
| ¥ | ¥ | ¥ | yen |
| ¦ | ¦ | ¦ | broken vertical bar |
| § | § | § | section |
| ¨ | ¨ | ¨ | spacing diaeresis |
| © | © | © | copyright |
| ª | ª | ª | feminine ordinal indicator |
| « | « | « | angle quotation mark (left) |
| ¬ | ¬ | ¬ | negation |
| | | | soft hyphen |
| ® | ® | ® | registered trademark |
| ¯ | ¯ | ¯ | spacing macron |
| ° | ° | ° | degree |
| ± | ± | ± | plus-or-minus |
| ² | ² | ² | superscript 2 |
| ³ | ³ | ³ | superscript 3 |
| ´ | ´ | ´ | spacing acute |
| µ | µ | µ | micro |
| ¶ | ¶ | ¶ | paragraph |
| · | · | · | middle dot |
| ¸ | ¸ | ¸ | spacing cedilla |
| ¹ | ¹ | ¹ | superscript 1 |
| º | º | º | masculine ordinal indicator |
| » | » | » | angle quotation mark (right) |
| ¼ | ¼ | ¼ | fraction 1/4 |
| ½ | ½ | ½ | fraction 1/2 |
| ¾ | ¾ | ¾ | fraction 3/4 |
| ¿ | ¿ | ¿ | inverted question mark |
| × | × | × | multiplication |
| ÷ | ÷ | ÷ | division |
Caractères ISO 8859-1
| Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| À | À | À | capital a, grave accent |
| Á | Á | Á | capital a, acute accent |
| Â | Â | Â | capital a, circumflex accent |
| Ã | Ã | Ã | capital a, tilde |
| Ä | Ä | Ä | capital a, umlaut mark |
| Å | Å | Å | capital a, ring |
| Æ | Æ | Æ | capital ae |
| Ç | Ç | Ç | capital c, cedilla |
| È | È | È | capital e, grave accent |
| É | É | É | capital e, acute accent |
| Ê | Ê | Ê | capital e, circumflex accent |
| Ë | Ë | Ë | capital e, umlaut mark |
| Ì | Ì | Ì | capital i, grave accent |
| Í | Í | Í | capital i, acute accent |
| Î | Î | Î | capital i, circumflex accent |
| Ï | Ï | Ï | capital i, umlaut mark |
| Ð | Ð | Ð | capital eth, Icelandic |
| Ñ | Ñ | Ñ | capital n, tilde |
| Ò | Ò | Ò | capital o, grave accent |
| Ó | Ó | Ó | capital o, acute accent |
| Ô | Ô | Ô | capital o, circumflex accent |
| Õ | Õ | Õ | capital o, tilde |
| Ö | Ö | Ö | capital o, umlaut mark |
| Ø | Ø | Ø | capital o, slash |
| Ù | Ù | Ù | capital u, grave accent |
| Ú | Ú | Ú | capital u, acute accent |
| Û | Û | Û | capital u, circumflex accent |
| Ü | Ü | Ü | capital u, umlaut mark |
| Ý | Ý | Ý | capital y, acute accent |
| Þ | Þ | Þ | capital THORN, Icelandic |
| ß | ß | ß | small sharp s, German |
| à | à | à | small a, grave accent |
| á | á | á | small a, acute accent |
| â | â | â | small a, circumflex accent |
| ã | ã | ã | small a, tilde |
| ä | ä | ä | small a, umlaut mark |
| å | å | å | small a, ring |
| æ | æ | æ | small ae |
| ç | ç | ç | small c, cedilla |
| è | è | è | small e, grave accent |
| é | é | é | small e, acute accent |
| ê | ê | ê | small e, circumflex accent |
| ë | ë | ë | small e, umlaut mark |
| ì | ì | ì | small i, grave accent |
| í | í | í | small i, acute accent |
| î | î | î | small i, circumflex accent |
| ï | ï | ï | small i, umlaut mark |
| ð | ð | ð | small eth, Icelandic |
| ñ | ñ | ñ | small n, tilde |
| ò | ò | ò | small o, grave accent |
| ó | ó | ó | small o, acute accent |
| ô | ô | ô | small o, circumflex accent |
| õ | õ | õ | small o, tilde |
| ö | ö | ö | small o, umlaut mark |
| ø | ø | ø | small o, slash |
| ù | ù | ù | small u, grave accent |
| ú | ú | ú | small u, acute accent |
| û | û | û | small u, circumflex accent |
| ü | ü | ü | small u, umlaut mark |
| ý | ý | ý | small y, acute accent |
| þ | þ | þ | small thorn, Icelandic |
| ÿ | ÿ | ÿ | small y, umlaut mark |
Variantes de ISO-8859-1
| Character set | Description | Covers |
|---|---|---|
| ISO-8859-1 | Latin 1 | North America, Western Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean, Canada, Africa. |
| ISO-8859-2 | Latin 2 | Eastern Europe. |
| ISO-8859-3 | Latin 3 | SE Europe, Esperanto, miscellaneous others. |
| ISO-8859-4 | Latin 4 | Scandinavia/Baltics (and others not in ISO-8859-1). |
| ISO-8859-5 | Latin/Cyrillic | The languages that use a Cyrillic alphabet such as Bulgarian, Belarusian, Russian and Macedonian. |
| ISO-8859-6 | Latin/Arabic | The languages that use the Arabic alphabet. |
| ISO-8859-7 | Latin/Greek | The modern Greek language as well as mathematical symbols derived from the Greek. |
| ISO-8859-8 | Latin/Hebrew | The languages that use the Hebrew alphabet. |
| ISO-8859-9 | Latin/Turkish | The Turkish language. Same as ISO-8859-1 except Turkish characters replace Icelandic ones. |
| ISO-8859-10 | Latin/Nordic | The Nordic languages. |
| ISO-8859-15 | Latin 9 (Latin 0) | Similar to ISO-8859-1 but replaces some less common symbols with the euro sign and some other missing characters. |
Les navigateurs modernes détectent automatiquement UTF-8 ou y reviennent lorsqu’aucun encodage n’est spécifié. Les codages hérités comme ISO-8859-1 sont principalement pris en charge pour assurer la compatibilité ascendante avec les anciennes pages web. Pour les nouveaux projets, utilisez toujours UTF-8 afin de garantir une prise en charge complète d’Unicode et une cohérence multiplateforme.
Voir aussi HTML ASCII et HTML Entities.
Practice
What does the ISO-8859-1 coding in HTML represent?